Important Articles of the Indian Constitution

The world's largest democratic country is India. Our Indian constitution was created on January 26, 1950, following more than 200 years of colonial rule, multiple independence revolutions, the Indian national movement, sectarian violence, and a lengthy history. 

 

The Constitution specifies the precise responsibilities and tasks assigned to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. The Indian Constitution has many important clauses that define an individual's fundamental rights, political duties, and procedures. This essay will therefore help us familiarize ourselves with each of the important articles of the Indian Constitution.

 

Since the Indian Constitution is a major topic covered in several state and national examinations, it becomes an important subject for applicants. A set of rules that outline laws and regulations is called a constitutional article. 

 

These articles cover a wide range of subjects, including the political system, individual rights, and election processes. The Indian Constitution, which had 395 articles in 22 parts before 1949, now includes 448 articles, 25 parts, 12 schedules, and 104 amendments. 

 

The articles in each section cover a particular aspect of the Constitution, such as legislatures, the executive branch, sections, schedules, statutory entities, fundamental rights, and so forth.

 

Since Indian politics is an important topic for exam applicants, you must comprehend all of the articles and amendments to the Indian Constitution. Here is a list of the Indian Constitution's most significant articles, along with a synopsis of each one that contributed to the document's creation.

 

(Part 1): Article 1 - Article 4

 

• Article 1 - The union's name and territory

• Article 2 - The new state's admission and formation

• Article 3 - establishing new nations and changing the names, borders, and territories of states that already exist.

 

(Part 2): Article 5 - Article 11

 

• Article 5 - Citizenship at the time the Constitution was drafted

• Article 6 - Rights of citizenship of a person who moved from Pakistan to India

• Article 10 - Preservation of the Rights of Citizens

• Article 11 - Laws about citizenship rights should be passed by Parliament

 

(Part 3): Article 12 - Article 35

 

• Article 12 - Definition of the state

• Article 13 - Laws that infringe upon or contradict fundamental rights

 

Right to Equality: Article 14 to Article 18

 

• Article 14 - Equality before the law

• Article 15 - prohibition of discrimination based on caste, colour, sex, religion, or place of birth

• Article 16 Equal access to chances for public employment

• Article 17 - Abolition of the Untouchability

• Article 18 - Abolition of titles

 

Right to Freedom: Article 19 to Article 22

 

• Article 19 - Assures Indian citizens of their six rights.

• Article 20 - Protection from being found guilty of offenses

• Article 21 - Preservation of life and individual freedom

• Article 22 - Protection in some situations against arrest and incarceration

 

Right to Exploitation: Article 23 to Article 24

 

• Article 23 - Human trafficking and forced labour are forbidden

• Article 24 - Prohibiting minors under the age of 14 from working in mines and factories

 

Right to Exploitation: Article 25 to Article 28

 

• Article 25 - Freedom of conscience as well as freedom to practice, profess, and spread religion

• Article 26 - The ability to freely oversee religious matters

• Article 27 - Freedom to pay taxes to support a specific faith

• Article 28 - Not having to go to religious instruction

 

Cultural and Educational Rights: Article 29 to Article 30

 

• Article 29 - Safeguarding minority' interests

• Article 30 - Minorities' ability to create and run educational institutions

 

Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32

 

• Article 32 - Remedies for Enforcement of Fundamental Rights

 

(Part 4): Article 36 - 51

 

• Article 36 - Definition

• Article 37 - Application of DPSP

• Article 39A - Equal justice and free legal aid

• Article 40 - Organization of a village Panchayat

• Article 41 - Right to education, to work, and to public assistance in certain cases

• Article 43 - Living Wages, etc. for Workers

• Article 43A - Employee participation in industry management

• Article 44 - Uniform civil code (applicable in Goa only)

• Article 45 - Ensuring children receive free and mandatory education

• Article 46 - Advancement of the economic and educational interests of OBC, ST, and scheduled castes

• Article 47 - The state's obligations to enhance public health, boost living standards, and improve nutrition

• Article 48 - The management of agribusiness and animal husbandry

• Article 49 - Preservation of landmarks, important sites, and natural objects

• Article 50 - Division of the judicial and administrative branches of government

• Article 51 - Advancement of world peace and security

 

(Part 5): Article 52 - 151

 

• Article 52 - The President of India

• Article 53 - Union's Executive Authority

• Article 54 - Election of President

• Article 61 - The process for removing the President from office

• Article 63 - The Vice-president of India

• Article 64 - The Vice-President will head the Council of States ex officio

• Article 66 - Election of Vice-president

• Article 72 - Pardoning powers of President

• Article 74 - Council of ministers to aid and advise President

• Article 76 - Attorney-General for India

• Article 79 - Constitution of Parliament

• Article 80 - Composition of Rajya Sabha

• Article 81 - Composition of Lok Sabha

• Article 83 - Duration of Houses of Parliament

• Article 93 - The House of People's Speakers and Deputy Speakers

• Article 105 - The House of Parliament's authority, privileges, etc.

• Article 109 - Unique process with regard to currency notes

• Article 110 - Definition of “Money Bills”

• Article 112 - Annual Financial Budget

• Article 114 - Appropriation Bills

• Article 123 - The President's authority to issue Ordinances when Parliament is on recess

• Article 124 - Establishment of Supreme Court

• Article 125 - Salaries of Judges

• Article 126 - The acting Chief Justice's appointment

• Article 127 - Appointment of ad-hoc judges

• Article 128 - Retired judge's attendance at a Supreme Court session

• Article 129 - Supreme Court to be a court of Record

• Article 130 - Seat of the Supreme Court

• Article 136 – Special leave to file a Supreme Court appeal

• Article 137 - Review of judgment or orders by the Supreme Court

• Article 141 - Supreme Court rulings are enforceable by all courts

• Article 148 - Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

• Article 149 - Duties and Powers of CAG

 

(Part 6): Article 152 - 237

 

• Article 153 - Governors of State

• Article 154 - Executive Powers of Governor

• Article 161 - Pardoning powers of the Governor

• Article 165 - Advocate-General of the State

• Article 213 - Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances

• Article 214 - High Courts for states

• Article 215 - High Courts to be a court of record

• Article 226 - Power of High Courts to issue certain writs

• Article 233 - Appointment of District judges

• Article 235 - Control over Subordinate Courts

 

(Part 9): Article 243 – 243 O

 

• Article 243A - Gram Sabha

• Article 243B - Constitution of Panchayats

 

In conclusion

 

In summary, the Indian Constitution is a landmark document that serves as a beacon of democracy and rights for its citizens in addition to reflecting the goals and hardships of a state. It describes the fundamental rights, norms, and obligations that guide the country through its intricate structure, which consists of 448 articles, 25 parts, 12 schedules, and 104 amendments. 

 

The Constitution embodies the fundamentals of a democratic republic, from safeguarding the nation's sovereignty and integrity to defending the rights of its citizens. As we examine its provisions in greater detail, we not only learn about our rights and responsibilities but also renew our dedication to upholding the principles it protects. To ensure that the Indian Constitution continues to serve as a beacon of hope for future generations, let us cherish and uphold its spirit.